Advertisement
Research Article| Volume 20, ISSUE 2, P87-93, June 2013

Download started.

Ok

Becoming willing to role model. Reciprocity between new graduate nurses and experienced practice nurses in general practice in New Zealand: A constructivist grounded theory

  • Karen J. Hoare
    Correspondence
    Corresponding author at: School of Nursing and Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92 019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. Tel.: +64 21 1398951; fax: +64 9 303 5932.
    Affiliations
    Monash University, Australia

    Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care and School of Nursing, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92 019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
    Search for articles by this author
  • Jane Mills
    Affiliations
    School of Nursing, Midwifery and Nutrition, James Cook University, PO Box 6811, Cairns, QLD 4870, Australia
    Search for articles by this author
  • Karen Francis
    Affiliations
    School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
    Search for articles by this author

      Summary

      Graduate nurses in general practice became a feature of New Zealand's health care system in 2008 following an expansion of the New Entrant to Practice Programme. General practice in New Zealand comprises general practitioner business owners who employ nursing and administration staff. Practice nurses are an ageing workforce in New Zealand, it is imperative therefore to attract younger nurses into general practice. This paper reports a section of the findings from a constructivist grounded theory study which examines the use of information by practice nurses in New Zealand. Initially data were collected using the ethnographic technique of observation and field notations in one general practice. Theoretical sensitivity to the value of role models was heightened by this first phase of data collection. A total of eleven practice nurses were interviewed from six general practices. One practice nurse agreed to a second interview; five of the interviewees were new graduate nurses and the other six were experienced practice nurses. The grounded theory constructed from this research was reciprocal role modelling which comprises the following three categories, becoming willing, realising potential and becoming a better practitioner. Graduate nurses and experienced practice nurses enter into a relationship of reciprocal role modelling. Becoming willing, the first core category of this grounded theory features three sub-categories: building respectful relationships, proving yourself and discerning decision making which are reported in this paper. Findings from this study may address the reported phenomenon of ‘transition shock’ of newly graduated nurses in the work place.

      Keywords

      To read this article in full you will need to make a payment

      Purchase one-time access:

      Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online access
      One-time access price info
      • For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
      • For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'

      Subscribe:

      Subscribe to Collegian
      Already a print subscriber? Claim online access
      Already an online subscriber? Sign in
      Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect

      References

        • Ajwani S.
        • Blakely T.
        • Robson B.
        • Tobias M.
        • Bonne M.
        Decades of disparity: Ethnic mortality. Trends in New Zealand 1980–1999.
        University of Otago, Wellington2003
        • Annells M.
        Grounded theory method: Philosophical perspectives, paradigm of inquiry, and postmodernism.
        Qualitative Health Research. 1996; 6: 379-393
        • Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council
        National competency standards for the registered nurse.
        2005 (Retrieved from: http://www.anmc.org.au)
        • Bandura A.
        Social learning theory.
        Prentic Hall Inc., Eaglewood Cliffs, NJ1977
        • Beecroft P.C.
        • Dorey F.
        • Wenten M.
        Turnover intention in new graduate nurses: A multivariate analysis.
        Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2008; 62: 41-52
        • Birks M.
        • Mills J.
        Grounded theory. A practical guide.
        Sage Publications Ltd., London2011
        • Birks M.
        • Mills J.
        • Francis K.
        • Chapman Y.
        A thousand words paint a picture: The use of storyline in grounded theory research.
        Journal of Research in Nursing. 2009; 14: 405-417
        • Boychuk Duchscher J.
        Transition shock: The initial stage of role adaptation for newly graduated registered nurses.
        Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2009; 65: 1103-1113
        • Boychuk Duchscher J.
        • Cowin L.
        The experience of marginalization in new nursing graduates.
        Nursing Outlook. 2004; 52: 289-296
        • Bryant A.
        • Charmaz K.
        The Sage handbook of grounded theory.
        Sage Publications Ltd., London2007
        • Charmaz K.
        Constructing grounded theory.
        Sage, London2006
        • Charmaz K.
        • Mitchell R.
        Grounded theory in ethnography.
        in: Atkinson P. Coffey A. Delamont S. Lofland J. Lofland J. Handbook of ethnography. Sage, London2001
        • Counties Manukau District Health Board
        Nurse entry to practice (NETP) programme.
        2010 (Retrieved from: http://www.cmdhb.org.nz/funded-services/phc-nursing/netp/documents/newgraduate_expansion_handbook_jan2010.pdf)
        • Cutcliffe J.
        Methodological issues in grounded theory.
        Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2000; 31: 1476-1484
        • DHBNZ
        Specification for nursing entry to practice programme (NETP).
        2005 (Retrieved from: http://www.dhbnz.org.nz/includes/download.aspx?ID=16069)
        • Glaser B.
        Theoretical sensitivity.
        The Sociology Press, Mill Valley, CA1978
        • Glaser B.
        • Strauss A.
        The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research.
        Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick1967
      1. Haggerty, C., McEldowney, R., Wilson, D., & Holloway, K. (2009). Growing our own: An evaluation of nurse entry to practice programmes in New Zealand 2006–2009. Wellington.

      2. Hoare, K., Mills, J., & Francis, K. Dancing with data: Acquiring theoretical sensitivity in a grounded theory study. International Journal of Nursing Practice, in press.

        • Hoare K.
        • Steele J.
        • Ram F.
        • Arroll S.B.
        Evidence-based resource use by Practice Nurses in the Greater Auckland region.
        New Zealand Medical Journal. 2008; 121
        • International Council of Nurses
        Continuing competence as a professional responsibility and public right. Position statement.
        2006 (Retrieved from: http://www.icn.ch/images/stories/documents/publications/position_statements/B02_Continuing_Competence.pdf)
        • James A.
        • Francis K.
        Mandatory continuing professional education: What is the prognosis?.
        Collegian. 2011; 18: 131-136
        • King A.
        Minimum requirements for primary health organisations.
        2001 (http://www.moh.govt.nz/moh.nsf/wpg_index/Publications-Minimum+requirements+for+Primary+Health+Organisations)
        • Kramer M.
        Reality shock. Why nurses leave nursing.
        Mosby, St. Louis1974
        • Mills J.
        • Bonner A.
        • Francis K.
        The development of constructivist grounded theory.
        International Journal of Qualitative Methods. 2006; 5: 1-10
        • Mills J.
        • Field J.
        • Cant R.
        Rural and remote Australian general practice nurses’ sources of evidence for knowledge translation: A cross-sectional survey.
        International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare. 2011; 9: 246-251
        • Ministry of Health
        Primary health care providers.
        2012 (Retrieved from: http://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/primary-health-care/about-primary-health-organisations/primary-health-care-providers)
        • Noerager Stern P.
        • Porr C.
        Essentials of accessible grounded theory.
        Left Coast Press, Inc., Walnut Creek, CA2011
        • Nursing Council of New Zealand
        Competencies for registered nurses.
        2007 (http://nur3425s2.handel.2day.com/RN%20Comps%20final.pdf)
        • Strauss A.
        • Corbin J.
        Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques.
        Sage, Newbury Park, CA1990