Advertisement

How do Specialist Breast Nurses help breast cancer patients at follow-up?

      Summary

      Background

      As the proportion of survivors from breast cancer increases it is possible that follow-up care could be delivered wholly by generalists to relieve over subscribed hospital clinics. However, guidelines seldom take into account the nature of interactions between patients and health care professionals involved in hospital-based follow-up.

      Methods

      Consultations between four Specialist Breast Nurses (SBNs) and 21 consecutive women attending a hospital-based breast cancer follow-up clinic in Western Australia were audio recorded and subjected to a thematic analysis. Recording of consultations ceased with saturation of themes. We analysed the data with reference to theoretical frameworks which postulate that social support is a powerful factor in determining positive health outcomes. We also drew on theories focusing on biographical disruption, biographical reinforcement and biographical reinvention.

      Results

      The majority of participants were Australian born, married women in their sixties. The mean duration of the consultations was 19 min (SD = 7.5, min = 8, max = 43.5). A core theme was the established relationship between the woman and her SBN. Overall, the SBNs played an important role in facilitating the transition of patients by supporting the woman in adjustment to a new self-image and bodily functioning. The SBN accompanies each woman through this phase in her life, while supporting a new narrative, promoting her ‘rebirth’ as someone with ideas, concerns and expectations that have altered significantly after the diagnosis of cancer. Five key themes emerged to demonstrate this supportive role: normalising; facilitating access to services; prevention; promoting self-esteem and promoting a proactive approach.

      Conclusions

      Many women with breast cancer claimed a new perspective on what was now possible, acceptable or desirable in a host of life domains. Our data suggest that the follow-up care of cancer patients is more than just dealing with a checklist of symptoms but requires an understanding of the biographical disruption occasioned by a diagnosis of breast cancer.

      Keywords

      To read this article in full you will need to make a payment

      Purchase one-time access:

      Academic and PersonalCorporate R&D Professionals
      One-time access price info
      • For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
      • For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'

      Subscribe:

      Subscribe to Collegian
      Already a print subscriber? Claim online access
      Already an online subscriber? Sign in
      Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect

      References

        • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW)
        ACIM (Australian Cancer Incidence and Mortality) books.
        AIHW, Canberra2007
        • Baildam A.D.
        • Keeling F.
        • Thompson L.
        • Bundred N.
        • Hopwood P.
        Nurse-led surgical follow up clinics for women treated for breast cancer – a randomised controlled trial.
        Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. 2004; 88: S136-S137
        • Beaver K.
        • Luker K.A.
        Follow-up in breast cancer clinics: Reassuring for patients rather than detecting recurrence.
        Psycho-Oncology. 2005; 14: 94-101
        • Berkman L.F.
        • Glass T.
        • Brissette I.
        • Seeman T.E.
        From social integration to health: Durkheim in the new millennium.
        Social Science & Medicine. 2000; 51: 843-857
        • Bury M.
        Chronic illness as biographical disruption.
        Sociology of Health and Illness. 1982; 4: 167-182
        • Bury M.
        The sociology of chronic illness: A review of research and prospects.
        Sociology of Health & Illness. 1991; 13: 451-468
        • Bury M.
        Health and illness in a changing society.
        Routledge, London2000
        • Carricaburu D.
        • Pierret J.
        From biographical disruption to biographical reinforcement: The case of HIV-positive men.
        in: Reader A. Bury M. Gabe J. The sociology of health and illness. Routledge, London2004
        • Collins R.F.
        • Bekker H.L.
        • Dodwell D.J.
        Follow-up care of patients treated for breast cancer: A structured review.
        Cancer Treatment Reviews. 2004; 30: 19-35
        • Cornwell J.
        Hard-earned lives: Accounts of health and illness from East London.
        Tavistock, London1984
        • Dixon J.
        • Montgomery D.
        Follow-up after breast cancer.
        British Medical Journal. 2008; 336: 107-108
        • Durkheim E.
        Suicide: A study in sociology.
        Free Press, Glencoe1951
        • Frank A.
        The wounded storyteller: Body, illness, and ethics.
        University of Chicago Press, Chicago1995
        • Gabe J.
        • Bury M.
        • Elston M.A.
        Key concepts in medical sociology.
        Sage, London2004
        • Gifford S.
        The meaning of lumps: A case study of the ambiguities of risk.
        in: Nettleton S. Gustafsson U. The sociology of health and illness reader. Polity, Cambridge2002
        • Grunfeld E.
        • Levine M.N.
        • Julian J.A.
        • Coyle D.
        • Szechtman B.
        • Mirsky D.
        • et al.
        Randomized trial of long-term follow-up for early-stage breast cancer: A comparison of family physician versus specialist care.
        Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2006; 24: 848-854
        • Grunfeld E.
        • Fitzpatrick R.
        • Mant D.
        • Yudkin P.
        • Adewuyi-Dalton R.
        • Stewart J.
        • et al.
        Comparison of breast cancer patient satisfaction with follow-up care in primary care versus specialist care: Results from a randomized controlled trial.
        British Journal of General Practice. 1999; 49: 705-710
        • iSource National Breast Cancer Centre
        Clinical practice guidelines: Management of early breast cancer.
        NHMRC, Canberra2001
        • Jiwa M.
        • Thompson J.
        • Coleman R.
        • Reed M.
        Breast cancer follow-up: Could primary care be the right venue?.
        Current Medical Research and Opinion. 2006; 22: 631-639
        • Koinberg I.L.
        • Fridlund B.
        • Engholm G.B.
        • Holmberg L.
        Nurse-led follow-up on demo and or by a physician after breast cancer surgery: A randomised study.
        European Oncology Nursing Society. 2004; 8: 109-117
        • McArdle J.
        • George W.D.
        • McArdle C.S.
        • Smith D.C.
        • Moodie A.R.
        • Hughson A.V.
        • et al.
        Psychological support for patients undergoing breast cancer surgery: A randomised study.
        British Medical Journal. 1996; 312: 813-816
        • Ritchie J.
        • et al.
        Analysing qualitative data.
        Routledge, London1994
        • Rojas M.P.
        • Telaro E.
        • Russo A.
        • Moschetti I.
        • Coe L.
        • Fossati R.
        • et al.
        Follow-up strategies for women treated for early breast cancer.
        Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2005; 25: CD001768
        • Turner B.
        The body and society.
        Blackwell, Oxford1984